PERIODIC TABLE
Periodic Table- chart of elements organized to show similar physical or chemical properties of elements
Energy Levels- Electrons orbit the nucleus of an atom in different levels
7 rows called periods. each period represents the number of occupied energy levels in each element in the row.
18 columns called groups or families. share similar chemical and physical properties. have the same amount of valence electrons.
NON METALS on the RIGHT of the staircase. tend to gain or share electrons in chemical reactions. METALS on the LEFT of the staircase. tend to give up valence electrons in chemical reactions
Energy Levels- Electrons orbit the nucleus of an atom in different levels
7 rows called periods. each period represents the number of occupied energy levels in each element in the row.
18 columns called groups or families. share similar chemical and physical properties. have the same amount of valence electrons.
NON METALS on the RIGHT of the staircase. tend to gain or share electrons in chemical reactions. METALS on the LEFT of the staircase. tend to give up valence electrons in chemical reactions
Metals
- Metals are good conductors of heat and electricity
- Metals are shiny
- Metals are ductile (can be stretched into thin wires)
- Metals are malleable (can be pounded into thin sheets)
- A chemical property of metal is its reaction with water which results in corrosion
Non-Metals
- Non-metals are poor conductors of heat and electricity
- Non-metals are not ductile or malleable
- Solid non-metals are brittle and break easily
- They are dull
- Many non-metals are gases
Metalloids
- Metalloids (metal-like) have properties of both metals and non-metals
- They are solids that can be shiny or dull.
- They conduct heat and electricity better than non-metals but not as well as metals.
- They are ductile and malleable.
Periodic Table Groups
- Group 1- Alkali Metals: will lose only electron in outer shell to become stable MOST REACTIVE METALS
- Group 2- Alkali Earth Metals: will lose two electrons in outer shell to become stable
- Group 17- Halogens: will gain one electron to become stable MOST REACTIVE NON-METALS
- Group 18- Noble Gases: Most stable elements, outer shell full, all found in the Earth's atmosphere
- Group 13- Boron Group
- Group 14- Carbon Group
- Group 15- Nitrogen Group
- Group 16- Halogens